Invitrogen™ Human ICAM-1 (Soluble) Instant ELISA™ Kit

Description

The Human Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1(Hu sICAM-1) ELISA quantitates Hu sICAM-1 in human serum, plasma, cell culture supernatants, urine, amniotic fluid, bile, or other body fluids. The assay will exclusively recognize both natural and recombinant Hu sICAM-1. Principle of the method The Human sICAM-1 solid-phase sandwich ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is designed to measure the amount of the target bound between a matched antibody pair. A target-specific antibody has been pre-coated in the wells of the supplied microplate. Samples or controls are then added into these wells and bind to the immobilized (capture) antibody. The sandwich is formed by the binding of the second (detector) antibody to the target on a different epitope from the capture antibody. An antibody conjugated with enzyme binds the formed sandwich. After incubation and washing steps to rid the microplate of unbound substances, a substrate solution is added that reacts with the enzyme-antibody-target complex to produce measurable signal. The intensity of this signal is directly proportional to the concentration of target present in the original specimen. Rigorous validation Each manufactured lot of this ELISA kit is quality tested for criteria such as sensitivity, specificity, precision, and lot-to-lot consistency. See manual for more information on validation.

ICAM-1 (CD54) is an 85-110 kDa single-chain type 1 integral membrane glycoprotein with an extracellular domain of five immunoglobulin superfamily repeats, a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic domain. ICAM-1 has 7 potential N-linked glycosylation sites and shares considerable amino acid sequence homology with ICAM-3 (CD50) and ICAM-2 (CD102). ICAM-1 binds to integrins of type CD11a/CD18 (leukocyte adhesion molecule, LFA-1), or CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1) and is exploited by Rhinovirus as a receptor. ICAM-1 is expressed by activated endothelial cells and detected on epithelial cells, fibroblasts, chondrocytes, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes (low), monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils, with lower levels that increase upon inflammation. ICAM-1 is also detected in some carcinoma and melanoma cells. Soluble ICAM-1 is detectable in the plasma and is elevated in patients with various inflammatory syndromes.